What equipment is needed for a small copper concentrate plant with a daily output of 100 tons?

Constructing a small copper concentrate beneficiation plant with a daily processing capacity of 100 tons requires a complete and efficient beneficiation process and supporting equipment. Although the scale is small, it still needs to balance economic efficiency and environmental protection requirements.

First, the crushing system is the key component. A "three-stage, closed-circuit" process is typically used, including a jaw crusher (coarse crushing), a cone crusher (medium and fine crushing), and a vibrating screen to crush the raw ore to the appropriate particle size. Second, the grinding system generally includes a ball mill and a classifier (such as a spiral classifier or hydrocyclone) to achieve fine grinding and particle size classification of the ore, providing qualified material for subsequent flotation.

Flotation is the core step in copper concentrate enrichment. Depending on the ore properties, several flotation machines are required, typically employing a one-stage roughing, two-stage scavenging, and two-stage cleaning process to improve copper recovery and concentrate grade. A flotation reagent addition system (including agitator tanks, metering pumps, etc.) is also essential for precisely controlling the dosage of collectors, frothers, and other reagents.

Dewatering is equally important. The concentrate after flotation needs initial dewatering in a thickener, followed by further moisture reduction via a filter press or ceramic filter to facilitate transportation and sales. Tailings must be disposed of in a tailings dam or using a dry discharge process to meet environmental regulations.

In addition, auxiliary facilities such as feeders, belt conveyors, water pumps, air compressors, electrical control systems, and laboratories are required to ensure continuous and stable production. Overall, while a small copper concentrate plant with a capacity of 100 tons/day is limited in scale, a scientifically sound equipment configuration is essential to achieve efficient, low-consumption, and environmentally friendly production goals.